A Comparative Analysis: Linking Adverbials in Learners’ Academic Writing
Abstract
This study examines the frequency and usage patterns of linking adverbials (LAs) in Indonesian EFL learners’ essay writing in comparison with those of native speakers. The ICNALE corpus is used as a source for the learner and reference corpora: Indonesian EFL learners and native speakers’ themed essays, each consisting of 100 essays. The sub-categorizations of LAs adopted Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman’s (1999) where they are divided into: additive (in addition, besides, furthermore), adversative (however, in contrast, actually), causal (therefore, consequently, in that case), and sequential (first, last, second). The results found a similar distribution in the usage frequency of linking adverbials. Further analysis discovered a significant overuse in additive LA also and underuse causal LA on the other hand. A more detailed and comprehensive investigation of why such things are apparent found similar misuse cases to previous research, one of them is the lack of understanding in semantic properties. On the basis of the findings, a number of pedagogical implications can be taken.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Biber, D., Leech, G., & Conrad, S. (2002). Longman student grammar of spoken and written English. Pearson Education Limited. Retrieved 12 27, 2018
Bolton, K., Nelson, G., & Hung, J. (2002). A corpus-based study of connectors in student writing: Research from the International Corpus of English in Hong Kong (ICE-HK). International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 7(2), 165-182. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/ijcl.7.2.02bol
Celce-Murcia, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1999). The Grammar Book: An ESL/EFL teacher's course, 2nd ed. Heinle & Heinle. Retrieved 1 14, 2019
Chen, C. W.-y. (2006). The use of conjunctive adverbials in the academic papers of advanced Taiwanese EFL learners. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 11(1), 113-130. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/ijcl.11.1.05che
Granger, S. (2015). Contrastive interlanguage analysis: A reappraisal. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/ijlcr.1.1.01gra
Granger, S., & Tyson, S. (1996). Connector usage in the English essay writing of native and non‐native EFL speakers of English. World Englishes, 15(1), 17-27. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/object/boreal:127681
Ha, M.-J. (2016). Linking Adverbials in First-Year Korean University EFL Learners' Writing: A Corpus-Informed Analysis. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 29(6), 1090-1101. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from http://tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09588221.2015.1068814
Ishikawa, S. (2011). A corpus-based study on Asian learners’ use of English linking adverbials. Retrieved 1 14, 2019, from http://earthlab.uoi.gr/theste/index.php/theste/article/viewfile/55/37
Lei, L. (2012). Linking adverbials in academic writing on applied linguistics by Chinese doctoral students. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 11(3), 267-275. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/s1475158512000355
Liu, D. (2008). Linking adverbials: An across-register corpus study and its implications. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 13(4), 491-518. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from https://jbe-platform.com/content/journals/10.1075/ijcl.13.4.05liu
Liu, G. (2013). On the Use of Linking Adverbials by Chinese College English Learners. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 4(1), 149-155. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from http://academypublication.com/issues/past/jltr/vol04/01/20.pdf
Milton, J., & Tsang, E. S.-C. (1993). A corpus-based study of logical connectors in EFL students' writing : directions for future research. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/record/1783.1-1083
Rahman, Y. A. (2018). ERRORS OF CONJUNCTIONS IN INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS’ COMPOSITION. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from http://ejournal.nusamandiri.ac.id/ejurnal/index.php/progressive/article/view/642
Shin'ichiro, I. (2015). The ICNALE: A New Learner Corpus for International Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis. Retrieved 1 14, 2019, from http://ieice.org/ken/paper/20151212bb4s/eng
Tapper, M. (2005). Connectives in advanced Swedish EFL learners' written English - preliminary results. Retrieved 12 27, 2018, from http://sol.lu.se/fileadmin/media/forskning/workingpapers/engelska/vol05/tapper-wp-05.pdf
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31002/jrlt.v2i2.524
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2019 Journal of Research on Applied Linguistics, Language, and Language Teaching
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.